Map of Europe during the reign of Charlemagne as Emperor of the Romans focuses on the development of the Papal States.

Examine accounts of Charlemagne's conquest of Barcelona and a hostile encounter with Saracens on a pass of the Pyrenees Mountains.

Read a history of the Lombard kingdom that includes Charlemagne's victorious battle against the Lombards in summer of 774 CE.

Examine excerpts of Turpin's "Chronicle" to learn of the vision that enabled Charlemagne to capture Pamplona.

Contribute to or read this discussion board dedicated to the history, life, and artifacts of Charles the Great.