Provides depictions of Jews during the Medieval period. Includes images symbolizing the victory of Christianity over Judaism.

Offers Ephraim of Bonn's account of the slaughter of 150 Jews in Medieval England.

Provides the written account of an Italian Jew in the Spring of 1495 describing the expulsion of Jews from Spain.

Describes the expulsion of Jews from England and France. Details the anti-Jewish riots that culminated in their scapegoating during the plague.

Offers an eyewitness account, translated from the Hebrew, of the Jewish expulsion from Spain in 1495. Also details the riots of 1391.

Describes the toleration of the Jews until the 14th century, when councils were convened by Ivan Alexander and his Jewish wife, tzarita Sarah.

Describes the attacks against Jews during the Christian reclamation of the Holy Land. Provides details of Pope Urban's incitement to violence.

Chronicles the Papal decrees, imposed outfits, and fresco images that served to marginalize and brand Jews of the Middle Ages.

Describes the Jewish holding of Christian serfs despite the Lateran council's decree against it.

Details the Pope's 1204 protest against the royal protections awarded Jewish money lenders in France.