Multi-chapter study examines the works of the 9th and 10th century Islamic philosophers as well as later European and American philosophers.

Excerpts from "A Medical History of Persia and the Eastern Culture" profiles the two Medieval physician/philosophers Avicenna and Rhazes.

Chronicles the 9th century emergence of the ideal of "Falsafah," the convergence of Qur'anic theology and classical Greek philosophy.

Presents an overview of medieval Islamic philosophy and discusses its influence on the Renaissance.

Dr. Sayyid Wahid Akhtar discusses the epistemological issues in Muslim philosophy that differ from that of Western epistemology.

Kamuran Godelek examines the strong influence Neoplatonism had on the development of Sufism and Islamic thought.