Visit the Internet Classics Archive to read Julius Caeser's 98-chapter account of his Empire expanding forays into Africa.

Details the religious philosophies of this C12th scholar who combined Plato and Aristotle's work with Islamic tradition for the Almohad caliph.

Check out an encyclopedia entry for Averroes, a 12th century Muslim philosopher. Explore links to other Averroes-related resources.

Find a profile of the Islamic theologian, judge, physician and philosopher who brought Greek thought to Islamic tradition with great influence.

Open the Ancient History Sourcebook to read a passage from Herodotus's "The History." Describes the Theran islanders' search for fruitful lands.

Visit the remains of this Roman city and World Heritage site. The archaeologists describe their methods and findings and take users on a tour.

Features a report by Jonathan Michel describing Morocco's invasion and of Sudan in 1590 and the take over's effect on the Songhai empire.

Virtual encyclopedia entry provides a profile of this Caucasian ethnic group.

Discusses the Phoenician's origin and influence on northern Africa. Describes the Punic wars against Rome, and Hannibal's trek across the Alps.

Offers Procopius's description of Belisarius's return to Byzantium after reconquering the Vandals in the western portion of the Byzantine empire.